建筑(zhu)砂石(shi)的(de)(de)使用(yong)量隨著地產行(xing)業的(de)(de)興起而不(bu)斷(duan)增加，砂石(shi)對于現代建筑(zhu)行(xing)業有(you)著非凡的(de)(de)意義，優質砂石(shi)可以保證建筑(zhu)質量。現在的(de)(de)建筑(zhu)用(yong)砂主要(yao)來自與(yu)制(zhi)砂生產線(xian)，天然砂石(shi)的(de)(de)已經逐漸被工業多棄用(yong)，這(zhe)也能夠從側面(mian)襯托出機(ji)制(zhi)砂石(shi)的(de)(de)重要(yao)地位。

 一(yi)方(fang)面是天然砂石(shi)(shi)(shi)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)開采(cai)受限，二來(lai)制砂生(sheng)產(chan)線(xian)所(suo)生(sheng)產(chan)出(chu)來(lai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)砂石(shi)(shi)(shi)質量在(zai)不斷提高。在(zai)施工組織設計中的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)最重要環節就是制砂生(sheng)產(chan)線(xian)料(liao)(liao)(liao)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)規劃選(xuan)擇(ze)，建(jian)(jian)筑(zhu)工程(cheng)造(zao)價(jia)在(zai)很大程(cheng)度上取決(jue)于骨料(liao)(liao)(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)，而(er)骨料(liao)(liao)(liao)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)又取決(jue)于料(liao)(liao)(liao)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)及(ji)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)加工方(fang)案(an)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)優劣。怎樣才能生(sheng)產(chan)出(chu)高質量原料(liao)(liao)(liao)而(er)且成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)較(jiao)低的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)原料(liao)(liao)(liao)呢。在(zai)以混凝土壩為主體(ti)工程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)水利水電(dian)工程(cheng)中，砂石(shi)(shi)(shi)骨料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)用量通常(chang)都是比(bi)較(jiao)大的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)，骨料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)直接(jie)決(jue)定(ding)著(zhu)建(jian)(jian)設大壩造(zao)價(jia)，并直接(jie)影響整個建(jian)(jian)設工程(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)投資，而(er)骨料(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)成(cheng)(cheng)本(ben)(ben)(ben)又取決(jue)于料(liao)(liao)(liao)場(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)選(xuan)擇(ze)及(ji)相(xiang)應的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)采(cai)、運、加工等施工方(fang)案(an)。

很(hen)多熟(shu)悉接觸水(shui)利(li)水(shui)電的(de)人都知道，混凝土(tu)壩施(shi)工(gong)的(de)工(gong)期比一(yi)般(ban)的(de)建(jian)筑工(gong)程(cheng)要(yao)長很(hen)多，在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)過程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)各期對骨料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)量，級配要(yao)求(qiu)和質量要(yao)求(qiu)也各不相同，骨料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)產(chan)地實(shi)際開(kai)(kai)采的(de)情況與勘測設(she)計(ji)階段預期的(de)情況也會存在(zai)著某些差異，如何在(zai)施(shi)工(gong)實(shi)踐中(zhong)(zhong)修改與調整(zheng)，也需(xu)要(yao)一(yi)個(ge)快速準確(que)的(de)計(ji)算方法(fa)(fa)(fa)。基于(yu)以上(shang)兩種(zhong)情況，需(xu)要(yao)給出一(yi)套較為適合(he)大中(zhong)(zhong)型水(shui)利(li)水(shui)電建(jian)設(she)工(gong)程(cheng)中(zhong)(zhong)對制(zhi)砂(sha)生產(chan)線料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)場(chang)生產(chan)的(de)原料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)進(jin)行優選設(she)計(ji)的(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)，為施(shi)工(gong)組織設(she)計(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)確(que)定料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)場(chang)規(gui)劃找(zhao)到一(yi)個(ge)較好的(de)較有(you)利(li)效(xiao)的(de)方法(fa)(fa)(fa)。砂(sha)石(shi)(shi)的(de)加工(gong)一(yi)般(ban)都是有(you)一(yi)些選礦(kuang)設(she)備所加工(gong)而成的(de)，選礦(kuang)設(she)備根據不同砂(sha)石(shi)(shi)的(de)特性和用戶的(de)需(xu)求(qiu)對砂(sha)石(shi)(shi)進(jin)行加工(gong)處理，這樣能夠更直接有(you)效(xiao)。選擇天然(ran)砂(sha)礫(li)石(shi)(shi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)場(chang)的(de)注意事項一(yi)般(ban)工(gong)程(cheng)所在(zai)地附近大多有(you)天然(ran)制(zhi)砂(sha)生產(chan)線料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)場(chang)可以利(li)用。天然(ran)砂(sha)礫(li)石(shi)(shi)料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)場(chang)在(zai)進(jin)行優選時主要(yao)目(mu)的(de)是選定具體料(liao)(liao)(liao)(liao)場(chang)并(bing)確(que)定其開(kai)(kai)采量。

一(yi)般工程用料(liao)在優選(xuan)系(xi)統中做為工程的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)備選(xuan)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。一(yi)般會按(an)制(zhi)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)機生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)產(chan)(chan)(chan)地的(de)所，來劃分為陸上砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)、河(he)灘(tan)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)（河(he)卵石(shi)(shi)制(zhi)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)和鵝卵石(shi)(shi)制(zhi)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)機生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)）、河(he)心(xin)水(shui)下砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)等(deng)，它們被(bei)統稱為制(zhi)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)，通常多數為河(he)灘(tan)和水(shui)下砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。都(dou)是由不(bu)(bu)同(tong)型號的(de)制(zhi)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)機和選(xuan)礦設備構成的(de)陸上砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)一(yi)般覆(fu)蓋層較厚(hou)。雜質含(han)(han)量(liang)(liang)較高，開(kai)采(cai)(cai)不(bu)(bu)受河(he)水(shui)影響；河(he)灘(tan)料(liao)場(chang)占天然制(zhi)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)料(liao)場(chang)的(de)大(da)多數。地處河(he)流上游的(de)河(he)灘(tan)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。常因河(he)道坡(po)陡流急，粒徑(jing)偏粗。含(han)(han)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)量(liang)(liang)偏低。一(yi)部(bu)分砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)料(liao)經常位于(yu)河(he)水(shui)位以(yi)下，表面覆(fu)蓋層相對較薄(bo)；水(shui)下砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)系(xi)指常年(nian)處于(yu)河(he)水(shui)面以(yi)下的(de)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)礫(li)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。有時與河(he)灘(tan)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)連成一(yi)片。天然砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)礫(li)石(shi)(shi)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)的(de)優選(xuan)主(zhu)要(yao)目的(de)是選(xuan)定(ding)開(kai)采(cai)(cai)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)并確定(ding)其開(kai)采(cai)(cai)量(liang)(liang)。因此在料(liao)場(chang)優選(xuan)系(xi)統中必然要(yao)包括可供工程考慮(lv)采(cai)(cai)用的(de)主(zhu)要(yao)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)石(shi)(shi)生(sheng)(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)(chan)(chan)線(xian)(xian)(xian)(xian)。在選(xuan)擇(ze)制(zhi)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)機設備的(de)時候也要(yao)根據不(bu)(bu)同(tong)的(de)要(yao)求選(xuan)擇(ze)適(shi)合自己的(de)制(zhi)砂(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)(sha)設備，這樣才能更好(hao)的(de)發揮它的(de)工作效率。